ITALIANO
Esistono diversi metodi per impostare il DNS, a seconda della configurazione. Questa guida illustra il metodo più comune che utilizza systemd-resolved o la configurazione diretta in /etc/network/interfaces o /etc/netplan.
Metodo 1: utilizzo di systemd-resolved (sistemi Debian)
Passaggio 1: verificare se systemd-resolved è attivo
bash
systemctl status systemd-resolved
Se è attivo e in esecuzione, procedere. In caso contrario, prendere in considerazione l'utilizzo del metodo 2.
Passaggio 2: creare o modificare il file di configurazione
Modificare il file di configurazione resolved:
bash
sudo nano /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
Aggiungere o modificare la sezione DNS:
[Resolve]
DNS=1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
FallbackDNS=9.9.9.9
Puoi sostituire gli IP con i tuoi server DNS preferiti (Cloudflare, Google, Quad9).
Passaggio 3: riavvia systemd-resolved
bash
sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
Passaggio 4: collega /etc/resolv.conf (facoltativo ma consigliato)
bash
sudo ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
Questo assicura che /etc/resolv.conf punti alla posizione corretta gestita da systemd.
Metodo 2: per IP statico (senza systemd-resolved)
Se si sta impostando manualmente un IP statico utilizzando /etc/network/interfaces:
Passaggio 1: modificare il file delle interfacce
bash
sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
Esempio di configurazione:
bash
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
Salvare e uscire.
Passaggio 2: riavviare la rete
bash
sudo systemctl restart networking
Metodo 3: se si utilizza Netplan
Passaggio 1: modificare la configurazione di Netplan
bash
sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
Esempio:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eth0:
dhcp4: no
addresses:
- 192.168.1.100/24
gateway4: 192.168.1.1
nameservers:
addresses: [1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1]
Passaggio 2: applicare la configurazione
bash
sudo netplan apply
Verificare che il DNS sia impostato
bash
systemd-resolve --status
oppure
cat /etc/resolv.conf
oppure
dig google.com
ENGLISH
There are a few methods to set DNS, depending on your setup. This guide covers the most common method using systemd-resolved or direct configuration in /etc/network/interfaces or /etc/netplan.
Method 1: Using systemd-resolved (Debian Systems)
Step 1: Check if systemd-resolved is active
bash
systemctl status systemd-resolved
If it's active and running, proceed. If not, consider using Method 2.
Step 2: Create or edit the config file
Edit the resolved configuration file:
bash
sudo nano /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
Add or modify the DNS section:
[Resolve]
DNS=1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
FallbackDNS=9.9.9.9
You can replace the IPs with your preferred DNS servers (Cloudflare, Google, Quad9).
Step 3: Restart systemd-resolved
bash
sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
Step 4: Link /etc/resolv.conf (optional but recommended)
bash
sudo ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf
This ensures /etc/resolv.conf points to the right place managed by systemd.
Method 2: For Static IP (No systemd-resolved)
If you are manually setting a static IP using /etc/network/interfaces:
Step 1: Edit the interfaces file
bash
sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
Example configuration:
bash
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1
Save and exit.
Step 2: Restart networking
bash
sudo systemctl restart networking
Method 3: If Using Netplan
Step 1: Edit Netplan config
bash
sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
Example:
network:
version: 2
ethernets:
eth0:
dhcp4: no
addresses:
- 192.168.1.100/24
gateway4: 192.168.1.1
nameservers:
addresses: [1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1]
Step 2: Apply the configuration
bash
sudo netplan apply
Verify DNS Is Set
bash
systemd-resolve --status
or
cat /etc/resolv.conf
or
dig google.com