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time

(24 articles)

The Inherited Direction

# The Inherited Direction Eddington named the arrow of time in 1927, grounding it in the second law of thermodynamics: entropy increases, and that increase distinguishes past from future. The thermodynamic arrow gives time its direction. Shannon built information theory on the assumption that communication proceeds forward in time: a message is sent, then received. Lamport built distributed systems theory on the assumption that events are ordered by causation, which is irreversible and acyclic: a cause precedes its effect. Ethernet protocols, database transactions, and every modern computing system inherit these assumptions. The paper (arXiv:2603.01440) argues that computing's arrow of time is not thermodynamic. It is semantic. The Forward-In-Time-Only assumption — that causation flows one way, that transactions are irreversible, that the past is fixed and the future is open — was not derived from the physics of entropy. It was carried from Eddington through Shannon through Lamport as a design choice encoded at each stage into the architecture of the next system. Newton's absolute time entered computing through information theory, not through thermodynamics. The distinction matters because design choices can be changed. Physical laws cannot. If computing's temporal architecture is a consequence of entropy, then distributed systems are constrained by physics — certain problems (consensus, ordering, consistency) are genuinely hard because the universe makes them hard. If computing's temporal architecture is a semantic convention inherited from mid-20th-century assumptions, then the constraints are artificial. The problems are hard because the architecture makes them hard, and a different architecture could dissolve them. Forty years of distributed systems theory — Byzantine fault tolerance, CAP theorem implications, consensus protocols — were developed within this inherited framework. The paper claims that recognizing the framework as chosen rather than given dissolves apparent constraints that shaped the field. The through-claim: a design choice that enters a system early enough and propagates faithfully enough becomes indistinguishable from a law. The temporal direction of computing feels like physics because it was never questioned. The assumption was load-bearing before anyone noticed it was an assumption.

The Imperfect Echo

# The Imperfect Echo A photon bouncing between two perfect mirrors defines a clock. Each reflection is an event. The sequence of events defines time. But the photon clock is perfectly reversible — run the film backward and the physics is identical. There is no preferred direction. The clock ticks, but it doesn't age. This paper (arXiv:2603.11571) formalizes "subtime" — the reversible mode of information exchange that operates within entangled systems before decoherence breaks the symmetry. In subtime, information flows in alternating causal loops, conserving mutual information in every cycle. Perfect Information Feedback: what goes out comes back, unchanged. The photon bounces forever. Classical time emerges when the mirror fails. When the reflection is imperfect — when causal components decohere, when information leaks — the reversibility breaks. Entropy appears. Energy dissipates. The arrow of time becomes visible. Not because time has a fundamental direction, but because the echo is no longer perfect. The universe's classical arrow of time is, in this framework, the residue of imperfect information reflection. The paper unifies several existing ideas under this symmetry principle. Wheeler and Feynman's absorber theory (where electromagnetic waves propagate both forward and backward in time, with the backward-propagating component normally canceling) fits as a special case of perfect causal feedback. Shannon's information theory provides the accounting. Reversible computation provides the model. The unification is structural: all these frameworks describe systems where irreversibility enters not from the dynamics (which are reversible) but from the boundary conditions (which are not). The through-claim: time is not a fundamental asymmetry. It is a broken symmetry — the consequence of imperfect causal echo in a universe that is, at the deepest level, reversible. The arrow exists because the reflection is lossy. Perfect reflection would mean no time, no entropy, no dissipation — a universe in which everything that happens is a palindrome. We experience time because we live in the noise of an imperfect mirror.

Building Something - It's Rarely Easy

# Time and Money - The Essential Ingredients? But what about effort. And what about drive. Then there's determination. A great idea is essential, too. Surely it is? And don't forget energy. Energy is everything. I have a manic brain when it comes to ideas. Most of them are crazy ideas, I suspect. The only real way of knowing whether an idea is good, or crazy, or fantastic, is to follow it through to either success, or to failure. How many great ideas have been placed into file 13 (the rubbish bin). Rejected for their perceived absurdity. Their lack of clarity. I bet it's One Hundred Billion-Gazillion. Probably even more....a seven year-old me would have agreed. Then there are ideas that were kept out of the bin. Seemingly ridiculous ideas, too. Take bottled water as a simple example. Anyone living the life pre-1980's would have thought you were crackerjack nuts if you told them you were going to sell drinking water in plastic bottles. And here we are. It is a successful idea, but a terrible one, too. (one, two....nice). My ideas generally appear out of nowhere. Most often while I am driving long distances (while arguing with my inner self). Or mowing the lawns. Or just laying about while my battered body downloads the latest energy update. I generally work long hours in a physically demanding job. My brain shuts down for long periods due to tiredness. Life is hectic at times and it takes a herculean effort to keep everything on track. Unfortunately, I am not Hercules. So wheels fall off, occasionally. There are side projects I have been working on for many years. They are (mostly) still in their planning stages due to lack of time. I am hopeful 2026 will see it all getting out of first gear. Bitcoin is at the heart of everything. My intentions are that Bitcoiners will be the end users of the planned services. I've liked all of the Bitcoiners I have had the pleasure to meet, so far. There will be anomalies. We will see. At present I lack time. I am self-employed and have a very long list of client projects to get through. Good money? Probably. But are the sacrifices worth it? My time. My energy. My family time. Time with my kids. Time to think. Time to create. Time to build. I dream all day of building, learning, making. All day, and all night. I dream of being free to make better choices. I am often mentally tortured while up a ladder, on a roof, carrying out my work, for I'm constantly thinking of other things. Better things. More stimulating things. But I am living in the fiat world and it is not an easy place to live in, and an even harder place to escape from. There are Demons to conquer. So enters the requirement for the marriage of Time and Money (Money = Bitcoin). Time and money are not much use if you do not have them both at once. It is rare to have them both at once. We have to make do. Use the tools at hand. We have to build. Create. Live. Love. Build Families. Build a life. We have to keep striving. The alternative is not worth thinking about. If you hit the sweet spot and discover that you have time and money, both at once, then dig deep to find that drive within yourself. Start now. Get building. Winning is the only option. The Demons won't defeat themselves.

The Length of Time

Last night I listened to [Part 2 of Robert Breedlove's recent interview with Dr. Jack Kruse.](https://youtu.be/yALOChgRrHQ) There were many elements that I found to be very fascinating with regard to history, and I really appreciated the in-depth discussion from Part 1 about the interplay between human health and light/EMF (which I've been slowly learning about during the past year). But what I will write about in this article is the subject of time. In that interview, Dr. Kruse connected the timestamping element of Bitcoin to the biological circadian rhythm. This stood out to me because years ago, I made a conscious decision about how I would think about time, and my subjective experience of it. Humans are born with a finite amount of time allocated to their lives. I think that, like the total supply of Bitcoin, through events that transpire, and choices that we make, we can lose some of that time. Then, conversely, through other actions that we can take, we can gain some of that time back. There is no true life extension, not by any means that are effectively being explored today. Humans live for 120 years, give or take a few, and then they die. But what about that time that we have? Is it a long time, or a short time? I very seldom hear people talk as if they expect to live long lives. Frequently, you hear the saying that "Life is short", or "Life is too short to not do [such and such]". I even encounter Bitcoiners saying this. Well, is this true? It depends on you. Is your time short, or is it long? This depends on the choices that you make, and the events that you live through. In some cases, events may transpire which end your life far too soon before you would have died naturally. But even then, is your time short? It is what you make of it. Even a day can be long or short, depending on what you made of it. Another way to consider this is in terms of quality. Are you living a quality life? Jack Kruse spoke about circadian rhythm as being the flow meter for human experience of time. If you are unhealthy, this throws off your circadian rhythm, and hence, your subjective experience of time. What makes a person unhealthy? We know more about this question now than perhaps ever before in human history. If humans are not getting enough natural sunlight, from sunup to sundown, there is an impact to their health. If they eat garbage food, there is an impact, even if they never step barefoot outside, there is an impact. It's easy to stay inside, to watch anime or sitcoms on the TV, play games, and when necessary, to put on your rubber-soled shoes and go to the store to buy more food. It's easy, but the impact on your subjective time makes it short. The day flies by and you will feel like you're losing time. Your time is short, because your flow meter is gunked up; and so your life is short. Then, because your life is short, you will fall into nihilistc thinking and feel compelled to engage in activities that you wouldn't have otherwise. The converse is also true. I studied Chen Taijiquan (Chen-style Tai Chi) several years back, and my sifu would say, "if you want to get energy, then you have to spend energy" in response to students who complained that some days they didn't feel strong or energetic enough to exercise. To get up before dawn is difficult, but also restorative. To eat only meat (and some limited other foods), to get out for a walk in the hot sun, to hit the gym, these all require us to spend energy, but in response we also get energy. We feel better, our circadian rhythms come into balance. And then our time is long. When our time is long, then even if our lives are cut short, we will have lived well. As short time leads us to nihilistic thinking, long time leads us to hopeful thinking. It leads us to plan for the future and to seek the betterment of ourselves, our family, our neighbors, and humanity. Because we have hope. So is your life long or short? It's up to you. It comes down to your mindset and your choices, which will effect your health and circadian rhythm, which will then feed back into experiences that can reinforce that mindset. I'm 38 years old as I write this, and I can gladly say that I've lived a long life, even if I die just after publishing this, because I'm thankful for the good things in my life, the experiences I've had, and the positive influences I know that I had on other people. For the record, I neither EXPECT nor DESIRE to die today. From my perspective, at 38, I've lived a long life, not a short one. But I can still live much longer. I can do much more, and I can work to build a better future for myself and the ones that I love. Despite the frustrations of the world, I still look forward with hope to the future of having a family, but without the anxiety that my time is slipping away. This is me, and my thinking. My time is long, and I will pursue the path that maximizes it to the fullest, even with the objective limit of 120 years. And I will not regret it. So what about you? Is your time long, or short? And what will you do, knowing that you have the tools to change it?